Expanding roles and responsibilities for nurses in screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) for alcohol and other substance use

Alcohol and substance use disorders are global public health concerns.

Healthcare professionals have been slow to implement a comprehensive SBIRT approach in relation to alcohol and other substance use. Despite more than 50 years of research evidence, SBIRT ­remains underimplemented in many settings for a variety of reasons. Currently, there is a movement to expand the use of SBIRT as an interprofessional, public health approach. Research supports the expansion of SBIRT to diverse populations (e.g., pediatric, adolescent, maternity, and geriatric), and in various settings (e.g., primary care, middle/high schools, academia, healthcare professions), rather than being limited to trauma or emergency departments.

However, the general consensus among professionals supports a comprehensive SBIRT approach. Not all studies have deemed SBIRT to be effective. Brief intervention alone may be inadequate for persons with frank substance use disorders, with complex medical conditions, and/or psychiatric disorders; these individuals require effective referral to specialty treatment and follow-up support after ­treatment. SBIRT is not a cure for alcohol and other substance use disorders; however, an SBIRT approach can positively contribute to ­reduced risk, remission, and recovery. Potential benefits of SBIRT include reductions (or abstinence) in substance use, risky ­behavior, morbidity and mortality; improvements in health outcomes; and holistic well-being.

Position statement of International Nurses Society on Addiction and Emergency Nurses Association

1. Nurses support the use of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) for alcohol use and other substance use and related disorders.
2. Nurses are prepared to deliver SBIRT across all clinical specialties and in practice settings across the lifespan.
3. Academic institutions integrate SBIRT into the curricula of undergraduate and graduate nursing programs.
4. Healthcare institutions provide SBIRT education, training, implementation, and outcomes evaluation.
5. Nurses participate in research, evidence-based practice, and clinical quality improvement initiatives in the implementation of SBIRT.

(abbreviated)

Slovníček

implement – zavádět
despite – navzdory
remain – zůstat
various – různý
primary care – primární péče
general – obecný
support – podporovat
effective – efektivní
require – vyžadovat
referral – doporučení
follow-up support – následná podpora
treatment – léčba
cure – lék
reduce – snížit
include – zahrnovat
risky behavior – rizikové chování
brief – krátký
integrate – začlenit
evaluation – hodnocení
research – výzkum

Source: UHLENBROCK J. S., FORNILI K., STROBBE S. Expanding roles and responsibilities for nurses in screening, brief interventions, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) for alcohol and other substance use. 2020. [online]. Available from: https://intnsa.org/position-papers.

 

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